For instance, if a Chinese Internet user wants to visit, GFW returns an IP address located in China instead of Google’s real IP address, to the user’s DNS resolver. When GFW finds a domain name on its block list, it changes the DNS response. Since plain text DNS protocol is based on UDP, which is a connection-less protocol, GFW can spoof both the client IP and server IP. GFW checks every DNS query sent to a DNS server outside of China. ![]() (They also use other methods, which are beyond the scope of this article.) For example, the Great Firewall ( GFW) of China uses a technique called DNS cache poison to censor the Chinese Internet. They are sent in plain text on the wire and can be exploited by middle entities. By default, DNS queries are not encrypted. It’s designed in 1987 with no security or privacy in mind. ![]() What is DNS over HTTPS and Why It’s ImportantĭNS (Domain Name System) is responsible for translating domain names to IP addresses. This tutorial will be showing you how to set up your own DNS over HTTPS (DoH) resolver on Debian with DNSdist, so your DNS queries can be encrypted and protected from prying eyes.
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